NOTE:
This tips 'n trick thread heavily uses the Modulo operator (i.e. %), otherwise known as Remainder Division. It's important to understand how this operator works before continuing.
First we're going to create some variables that we are going to use later on.
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[Variables]
MaxNumber=30
Pause=1
Reset=1
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[cCounter]
Measure=Calc
Formula=cCounter+1
Note: When naming your counter always remember that there is a built in Variable/Function named Counter so yours should be named something else.
Making the counter reset at a given value
Having it reset after a given value is easy and is accomplished the same way as if you were using the Counter variable.
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[cCounter]
Measure=Calc
Formula=(cCounter+1)%(#MaxNumber#+1)
If you want your counter to reset to one instead of zero we just need to move things around a bit.
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[cCounter]
Measure=Calc
Formula=cCounter%#MaxNumber#+1
Resetting a counter via Mouse Actions
How about having it reset to zero when we click on the skin.
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[Rainmeter]
LeftMouseUpAction=!SetVariable Reset 0
[cCounter]
Measure=Calc
Formula=(cCounter+1)*#Reset#
IfBelowValue=1
IfBelowAction=!SetVariable Reset 1
DynamicVariables=1
Ghost points out that if you want to reset with MouseOver there is a much nicer way without using a variable.
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[Rainmeter]
MouseOverAction=!DisableMeasure cCounter
MouseLeaveAction=!EnableMeasure cCounter
[cCounter]
Measure=Calc
Formula=cCounter+1
Now we can combine a couple methods of resetting to have the counter count up, reset, and wait for us to tell it restart again.
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[cCounter]
Measure=Calc
Formula=cCounter+1
IfEqualValue=#MaxNumber#
IfEqualAction=!DisableMeasure #CURRENTSECTION#
Pausing a counter
Lets pause the counter when you mouse-over the skin.
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[Rainmeter]
MouseOverAction=!SetVariable Pause 0
MouseLeaveAction=!SetVariable Pause 1
[cCounter]
Measure=Calc
Formula=cCounter+#Pause#
DynamicVariables=1
We can also have the counter stop counting at a certain value and stay there.
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[cCounter]
Measure=Calc
Formula=cCounter+(cCounter<#MaxNumber#)
Triggering Actions with a Counter
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[cCounter]
Measure=Calc
Formula=cCounter+1
IfAboveValue=#MaxNumber#
IfAboveAction=[!DisableMeasure #CURRENTSECTION#]["Some Action"]
We can use the built in Counter function/variable to accomplish the same thing. Please note that Counter returns the number of updates since the skin was initially loaded and only returns to zero when Rainmeter is loaded or a !RefreshApp bang is used.
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[cCounter]
Measure=Calc
Formula=Counter
IfAboveValue=#MaxNumber#
IfAboveAction=[!DisableMeasure #CURRENTSECTION#]["Some Action"]
Bonus Lesson: Making a counter that counts down, not up
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[cCounter]
Measure=Calc
Formula=(cCounter-1+(#MaxNumber#+1))%(#MaxNumber#+1)